This article provides a flow diagram of the nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen is one of the very important elements in biosphere. It remains in various forms in different environmental components, viz., as gases N2 and NOx; as ions in soil and water NO3, NO2, NH4+, or as organic material or insoluble nitrogenous materials Among these, atmosphere possesses 78% of nitrogen (by [...]
This article provides a flow diagram of the sulphur cycle. Sulfur is one of the essential elements of life system and its major reservoir lies in the earth's crust together with oceanic sediment. It acts as a component of several compounds like amino acids, protein, enzymes etc. Natural fuel like coal and oils also have some sulfurs (1 to 3%). [...]
This article provides a flow diagram of the mineral cycle. Quite a good number of minerals are essential for biological life processes. They are either used as major or minor essential elements. They are mostly stored in rocks and soils (i.e., lithosphere). They are absorbed by the plants and used in metabolism, while animals obtain them from plants as food [...]