The granular-medium filters may be classified according to: 1. The Direction of Flow 2. Types of Filter Beds 3. The Driving Force 4. The Method of Flowrate Control. 1. Direction of Flow: Filters used for the filtration of the sewage effluent may be classified according to the direction of flow as downflow, upflow or biflow filters. Schematics of these three [...]
In this article we will discuss about the characteristics and quantity of sludge produced in various sewage treatment processes. Characteristics of Sludge: Sludge consists of organic and inorganic solids present in the raw sewage and removed in the primary settling tanks plus organic solids produced during secondary treatment of sewage and removed in the secondary settling tanks. The characteristics and [...]
There are many options, because medical wastes vary in its characteristics and degree of risk and because treatment methods vary in their capabilities, cost, availability to generators, and impacts on the environment (Table 33.4). 1. Infectious Wastes and Sharps: Major portion of the sharps are the needles, which can be cut by needle cutter and contained in a bleaching powder [...]